WOTD: 痞霸

When I was walking around Weihai last month, I was stopped in my tracks by the sign (pictured above) because I had never encountered the last word before:痞霸 (“pi3 ba4”). It isn’t listed as a word in Pleco, but it roughly means “hooligan tyrant” or possibly gangster. 痞霸 is the name of a criminal offense on the law books in China, where the key attribute is that there is a degree of collusion or organization to the criminal activity.

痞 has medical roots (which one can infer from the illness radical), referring to a lump in the abdomen or constipation, though it’s extended meaning encompasses ruffian, behaving like a hooligan, and rascally. It’s a low frequency character (#4093), but part of the list of general purpose characters. The phonetic radical, 否, is a bit misleading since 否 is more common as “fou” (negation) than “pi3” (wicked).

霸 (“ba3”, tyrant or hegemon) is a much more common character (#1838) and included in the HSK and common character lists. 霸 most frequently occurs in the words 霸权主义 (“ba4quan2 zhu3yi4”, hegemonism), 称霸 (“cheng1ba4”, dominate), and 霸王 (“ba4wang2”, despot).

The whole sign– 高举法治利剑,铲除黑恶痞霸–is quite interesting, meaning “Raise high the sharp sword of rule by law, eradicate underworld gangsters.” 黑恶 (“hei1 e4”, black+evil=criminal) is pretty common on police propaganda as is 铲除 (“chan3 chu2”, shovel+remove=eradicate), though the phrasing is usually shortened to 扫黑 (“sao3 hei1”, sweep+black=crack down on crimes) or 除恶 (“chu2 e4”, remove evil), which can be seen in the name of the sponsoring office.